How to Measure with the IIE [02]: The Complexity of C, C++, and Other Programming Languages

This video presents the Index of Internal Effort (IIE) framework, an innovative interdisciplinary methodology developed to address a longstanding gap in the measurement of Explicit Intellectual Activities (EIA). Originally conceived within the field of Systems Engineering and grounded in Control Theory, the IIE provides a robust approach for quantifying the effort and complexity of a wide range of intellectual artifacts, including source code, patents, and mechatronic projects.
Unlike traditional domain-specific metrics that are often constrained by particular technical paradigms, the IIE employs the Complexity Typology (CT) to organize both internal and external variables into hierarchical levels. To ensure statistical robustness and reduce subjective bias, the methodology requires the use of at least four (4) independent variables and applies the square root as a compression factor to mitigate distortions caused by extreme values.
The framework is composed of two primary functions:
– IIEa, which estimates the intrinsic complexity of an artifact;
– IIE0, which measures the average individual effort contributed by members of a development team.
The validity of the IIE has been demonstrated through several empirical studies:
— Programming source code (C, C++, and Arduino): IIEa exhibited statistically significant correlations with well-established software metrics such as Lines of Code (LoC) and Cyclomatic Complexity (CC), while also aligning with perceived difficulty ratings provided by both software professionals and students;
— Mechatronic systems: The framework successfully integrated hardware and software complexity into a unified metric, identifying component heterogeneity and connection density as key contributors to overall project complexity.
Beyond its technical applications, the IIE also supports an important social objective: modernizing performance evaluation within the Brazilian public sector. By transforming subjective intellectual activities into objective and measurable indicators, the IEI promotes greater efficiency, transparency, and merit-based management of research and innovation assets.
Whether used to organize programming competitions, balance workloads across software development teams, evaluate research projects, or optimize patent portfolios, the Index of Internal Effort (IIE) provides a versatile and universal complexity metric designed for the knowledge-driven economy.

Researcher profile on the ResearchGate platform: Alisson-Oliveira-17
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alisson-Oliveira-17

Check out the playlist with scientific articles about the IIE and its application in improving the Brazilian public sector: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-d17xsTAJk&list=PLQg1O6pjfL82viouVbDI43RTYlmEZyeIP